The proposal by the United Nations’ Security Council to include temporary members, chosen periodically by the General Assembly, aligns with the principles of democracy and integrity set out in the Charter. This approach emphasizes that the Council functions in the interest of all members. Additionally, it highlights the importance of fair and balanced representation, which is a fundamental goal of the Council’s reform efforts. Extensive discussions aimed at reforming the Security Council were initiated in the General Assembly in February 2009, focusing on five crucial aspects: the types of membership, the veto issue, regional representation, the dimensions of an expanded Security Council, and the operational procedures of the council along with its interaction with the General Assembly. Efforts to reform the Security Council are currently stalled due to differences among countries. The G-4 nations, including India, Brazil, Germany, and Japan, are advocating for permanent seats in the Council, whereas the UfC group led by Italy and Pakistan is against adding any more permanent members. The Security Council consists of five permanent members, which are Britain, China, France, Russia, and the United States, along with 10 non-permanent members serving two-year terms. During a discussion regarding ‘Categories of Membership and Cross-regional Representation’, Ambassador Akram dismissed the assertions made by the countries aspiring for permanent membership, regarding their adaptation to ‘new realities’. He pointed out that there could be as many as 20 states, surpassing the original four, that contribute significantly to peace and security.
